Liquid-hydrocarbon burner



Jan. 31, 1928. 1,657,831

' J. M. KELLEY v LIQUID HYDROCARBON BURNER I Filed Feb. 192s 2Sheets-Sheet 1 f mum 217,16: jig. l

v fl INVENTOR- BYW 'LM m ATTORNEYS.

Jan. 31, 1928.

1,657,831 J. M. KELLEY LIQUID HYDROGARBON BURNER Filed Feb. 1925 2Sheets-Sheet 2 i .25 f r L' i a? M\ I Q 503g 26 a1 57 as 35 O 0 a6 59313 I i Z6 6 L044: w11 23:41pm 0 o o 0 IN VEN TOR. J 0/1274! A II/ 3ATTORNEYS.

of a means which will cess to the valve for chamber of the oven burner;

Patented Jan. 31, 1928 UMYTED? @STA-TES PATENT OFFI-GE-v' J OHEBDMKELLEY, OFiROGHESTEJM NEWJYORK, ASSIGNOR=TOIROTANEJGQRPORATION,

OFERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.-

LIQUID-HYDROGARIBON. BURNER.

Application filed February The present invention relates to1iquid1hydrof-carbon burners and aIrObjCt of the invide a burner with amixing device ata point such inixlng device hav removed therefronir, ingawarming flame; which will act alsdfo-r igniting-the burner. Stillanother objectpof the invention is the interrelation between a plateburner and an oven burner so that e ther may be employed forthe ignitionoi" thefother. A stillfurther object of the in 'v'ention'istheinter-relation between a plateburner 'and an "A still further objectis the provisionprevent the ready ac-q I turning on the gas of theiovenburner while the door of the even into which the gasis discharged-andburned is in a closed position.

a. To these and other ends, the invention con sists of certain partsandwcombinations :or

other;

parts all of which will" be. hereinafter described: the novel featuresbeing pointed out in the appended claims. I

In the drawings; c I

Fig, l is a front view of a gas range embodying the presentinvention;

Fig; 2 is a horizontal section of the gas range above the burners; a I

Fig. 3 is a. View of the underside of the ovenburner showing itsrelation to one'of the plate burners;

4 is. a side viewof the mixerof the oven burner partially in section;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal'section of the mixing Fig:

r in section and partiallyiin plan a. V n flexible connection between anexpansion Will not develop" pounds at 100 men burner so that one warmsthe drier or QXPflIlSIODLChEHHbGI of the.

' heavy as air {and about seven hundred pheric pressure at The sixth andseventh .constituents' of commercial gasoline.

designedfor'burning the =intermediate. products or" the casinghead gas.7 a Which will not develop. Sis! aview of the dryingdevice par-1 7 asectional View showing:thenananitialwboiling chamber and the fuelconducting burner:

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary View showing the 1 manner an which theburnertube passes through the oven casing,

pipe; and- F1g8 is a longitudinal section of the" burner for warmingthe. expansion chamber of the oven burner and igniting-the'ioven--.x,

The present invention is. designedparticu- -larly-for burning liquidhydro-carbon fuels dry end pointinot in ex cess 015150 F. andaninitial'boiling pointof F. or -lower and" which of the type havin'g aapproximately 45 pressure in excess of fifty.

ableii'rom'thefgascescaping from oil sands in the production-of crudeoil and-known m the-trade as casinghea'd -'F. Such a fuel is obtain- 9gas; This casing head gas; is represented :by, the following *compoundsfv V Methane CH ethane COH propane C butane C H 5 f pentane G H hexane (1H heptane (2 11 These belongzto the same chemical family but withdifferent. physical The first-.compound-is agas about one-halt ascharacteristics.

'requiringc'about the same" pressure; and temperature as .airto liquefy.

Thesecond compoundiis also a gasat ordi-f,

nary temperatures and pressures; requiring pound. pressure and aten'lperaturegot' 40 F. to liquefy. f The third compound 'is a gas ofordinary pressure and temperatu re5w but :liquefies at two hundred andany pounds at a temperatureof .63 .F

The" fourth compound is a liquid. at atmos- The 'fifth compoundatmospheric pressure, lighter fractions of commercial gasoline productsarelthe main This invention 's of fifty'pounds at 100 dry" endpoint. notin excess of 150.1115. and

F. or lower:

atemperature of 82 F. I

is aliquidat60 F.,.'.at 3 rand-forms one of the a pressure in excess n e'F. and .whichhas a point: of approximately 45 i In an application filedby me on the 18th day of June, 1923, Serial No. 64:5,94n5, I havedisclosed an apparatus for burning the aforesaid liquid hydro-carbonfuel and a burner used in such method. The present invention embodiesimprovements over the invention claimed in my aforesaid application.

The present invention is herein shown as illustrated in a gas range withan oven although it will be apparent that the invention is not limitedto this use of the invention. Referring more particularly to thedrawings, 1 indicates the range having a top plate 2, a bake oven 3 anda broiler oven 1. The gas in liquid form is received from a suitablesource through a pipe 5 andis conducted by said pipe to the driers orexpansion chamber 6, 7. 8, 9 and 10 of the different burners. In thisinstance, the coupling head 11 of each burner 6, 7, S, 9 and 10 has aport or opening surrounded by a seat 12 for one end of a conductor pipe13. This seat has an enlarged bore 14. thereabout formed with screwthread walls with which external threads on a bushing 15 are adapted toengage. The end of this bushing is feathered at 16 in order to cooperatewith a camming or wedging wall 17 formed on the drier head 11 andadapted to press the feathered edge or portion 16 onto the coupling pipe13. thereby providing a flexible yet gastight connection between thedriers or expansion chambers and the fuel supply. The coupling member orhead 11 of the drier 10 being the last in the series has only one of theflexible connections secured to it.

The driers or expansion chambers 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 are the same as thatclaimed in my application aforesaid Serial No. 645,945. In thisillustrated embodiment they are identical in construction except. as tolength so that a description of the drier 10 will serve for all. Thisdrier or fuel delivery device comprises an elongated expansion chamberhaving the coupling member 11 secured to one end thereof and having abushing 18 at the other end formed with a discharge orifice 19. Thiselongated expansion chamber has its walls formed with a material of highheat conductivity such as brass or copper. Within this tube or expansionchamber a helix 20 may be arranged extending from the coupling member 11substantially to the bushing this helix having a central opening inwhich a controlling memher or needle 21 is operated. One end of thisneedle has a screw threaded portion 22 turning in the coupling member 11and provided with a handle or turning wheel .23 on the exterior of thecoupling member. The other end of this needle is provided with a longsharp pointed tapering end 24 which operates in the cylindricallv formedorifice 19 in the bushing 18. The helixacts as a guide for the stem ofthe needle and the pointed tapered end acts to measure the amountflowing through the orifice in its extreme end, the orifice beingentirclv closed when the cylindricd portion of the stem enters thecylindrical orifice- Each drier (5, 7, 8 and 9 projects slidably into amixing device, the same, in this instance, as disclosed in myapplication Serial No. (345,945 aforesaid. and comprising generally amixing chamber 25 in the form of a return bend connecting with theburner head 26, the mixing chamber having an air inlet openingcontrolled by an ad ustable air inlet valve 27.

Each mixing chamber and burner of the driers 6, 7, 8, and 9 are securedby bolts 25 to a supporting bar 25" of which there are two, one for thedriers 6 and 8 and the other for the driers T and 9. The valves 27 aresituated above these bars and have their outward movements limited bythe bars. The even burner embodies the main burner portion 28, in thisinstance in the form of a rectangular frame with a contra leg arrangedin the broiler oven beneath the bottom of the baking oven and supportedthrough lugs 29 on brackets 30 secured to the side wall of the range.The wall 31 adjacent the plate 2 is provided with a collared opening 32and in this collar a laterally extending arm 33 on a mixing; chamber 34:of the oven burner extends, the arm 33 being enlarged to receive alateral projection 35 on the burner member 28 and this lateralprojection being secured in the arm 33 by a bolt 36. The collar has arecess 33 below the arm for a purpose to be described.

The mixing chamber of the oven burner extends from the arm 35 rearwardlyand downwardly at 37 and then by an upward and forward bend 38 connectswith a forwardly extending portion 39. thereby forming a trap for any un'aporized fuel. At the forward end of this arm a depending portion 40 isprovided having an air opening controlled by an adjustable valve 41,whereby the amount of air entering the mixing chamber formed by the.portions 37. 38 and 39 may be controlled or adjusted. Above the airopening, the mixer chamber has a sub-chamber 12 which through acontracted portion 43 connects with the main portion of the mixingchamber. Into this sub-chamber 4-2 the end of the drier slidablyprojects so that the fuel issuing from the orifice 19 first partiallyexpands in the chamber 42 in the presence of air and then the mixturepasses through the contracted opening 43. so that a final expansiontakes place in the main chamber of the mixer.

Extending forwardly from the body of the mixer is an arm 44 having anopening 45 at it forward end aligned with the opensaid jet openings willbe conducted to the jet openings 49 of the burner.

lVith the end in view of preventing the operation oi the oven burnerprior to the opening of one of the oven doors, so that the gascannotaccnmulate in the oven and pro duce an explosion, the broiler ovendoor at is provided with an arm 5% which has at its outer end a flangeddisk or cap of a size to cover the operating wheel or handle 23 of thevalve of the expansion chamber 10. This cap when the door is openexposes the handle or wheel 23 for operation. As a consequence, it isimpossible readily to turn the handle or wheel withoutopening the doorof the broiler oven. It is desirable to place this valve covering deviceupon a broiler door in preference to arranging it upon the door of themain oven as the gas, it issued unburned from the burner at all, beingheavier than air will accumulate mostly in -ihe broiler oven and willwith the opening oi the door, fall or pass out from such oven.

\Vith this invention, it is possible to ignite a burner situated at adistance from the mixing chamber by means of an auxiliary orwarmingburner which is utilized for warming an expansion chamber whichdelivers gas into the mixing chamber, this result being secured, in thisinstance, by providing a connection between the distant burner and themixing chamber which has a series of jet openings connecting the jetopening oi the warming burner with the jet openings oi the distantburner. A mixing chamber provided which has a snbchamber separated fromthe main portion by a restricted passageway and provided with an airinlet opening, so that the gas expands in passing into the main portionafter being delivered to the sub-chamber. The mixing chamber has beyondthe restricted passageway two arms one of which connects with the warming burner and the other of which leads to the main or distant burner.Furthermore, two mixing chambers are provided each having its ownexpansion chamber to deliver gas therein and one of which has a burnerconnected with its mixing chamber and so arranged that a flame from suchmentioned burner will warm the expansion chamber of the other burner. Inone form, the expansion chambers are elongated, one being lone er thanthe other and the two burners are arranged one in rear of the other, theforward burner being arrangedto warm both expansion chan'ibcrs and therear burner being arranged to warm only the expan ion chamber connectedto it. There is also provided a construction in which two expansionchambers are employed each of which has two burners, one of such burnersbeing utilized for warming its expansion chamber and the other burnerconnected with such expansion chambers being utilized for warming theexpansion chamber of the other two burners, and igniting the warmingburner of such other two burners whereas the warming burner of suchother two burners is employed for igniting the other burner of suchother two burners. A range is provided which has an upper and loweroven, the door 01 the lower oven being employed for preventing theoperation 01 the valve which controls the burners for heating bothovens.

\Vhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The combination with a main burner, of an air mixing chamber arrangedat a distance from the main burner, an expansion chamber arranged inclose proximity to the air mixin chamber and at a distance from the mainTaurner and discharging in the air mixing chamber, means for deliveringliquid fuel into said expansion chamber, a second burner arranged inproximity to the expansion chamber and at a distance from the mainburner and receiving gas from the air mixing chamber, said burnerplaying upon the expansion chamber to maintain the latter in a warmcondition, and a gas conducting connection between the two burnersthrough which the main burner receives its supply of fuel from the airmixing chamber, said connection being formed with a train of jetopenings maintaining a contmuous flame connection between the twoburners, so that either may be lighted from the other and both burnerswill be maintained in a lighted condition.

2. The combination with a chamber and an elongated expansion chamberinto which a llquid fuel is delivered arranged extcriorly of the firstmentioned chamber, of an air mixing chamber into which the gas from theexpansion chamber is discharged, arranged exteriorlyof the firstmentioned chamberpan arm arranged exteriorly of the first mentionedchamber extending from the mixing chamber along the expansion chamberand provided with a warming burner for the expansion chamber arrangedexteriorly of the first mentioned chamber a main burner arranged withinsuch first mentioned chamber, and a connection between the mixingchamher and the main burner having jet openings leading to the burner ofsaid arm to conduct the flame to the burner from the warming burner.

3. The combination with an elongated ex pansion chamber into which theliquid fuel is delivered, of an air mixing chamber into which gas fromthe expansion chamber is discharged, an arm extending from the mixingchamber and provided with a \211111- ing burner for the expansionchamber receiving gas from the mixing chamber and arranged to be ignitedby a flame producing device employed for initially llf) warming:therexpansiou chamber, a main burner, and connection between the mainbarrier and the mixing chamber embodying arms onzbothielements', onereceived within the other, the receiving 1 arm. having a bevelled endand both arms being provided withijet openings which extend through thebevelled portion and conduct a flame from the warming burner to the mainburner without a break.

4. The combination with a chamber to be heated and an expansion chamberarranged exteriorly of the first mentioned chamber, of

a main burner within the first mentioned chamber, an air mixing chamberinto which the expansion chamber delivers fuel, arranged exteriorly ofthe first mentioned chamber, a connection between the air mixing chamberand the main burner through which the main burner receives its supply offuel from the mixing chamber. and a train of jet openings leading fromthe main burner through said connection to a point adjacent theexpansion chamber so that a flame employed for warmingthe expansionchamber will, through said train of jet openings, ignite the mainburner.

5. The combination with a chamber and an expansion chamber into whichliquid fuel is delivered arranged exteriorly of the first mentionedchamber, of a mixing chamber arranged exteriorly of the first mentionedchamber and having two parts separated by a restricted passageway, oneof said parts having gas from the expansion chamber discharged thereinand being provided with an air opening, two burners receiving gas fromthe other part of the mixing chamber, one

7 of said burners being arranged exteriorly of said first mcntionedchamber and acting to warm the expansion chamber, and the other of saidburners being arranged within said first mentioned chamber, and meansfor conducting a flame from such warming burner to the other burner toignite the latter.

6. The combination with an expansion chamber into which liquid fuel isdelivered, of a mixing chamber having two parts separated by arestricted passageway, one of said mixing chamber parts having gas fromthe expansion chamber discharged therein and being provided with an. airopening and the other of said parts having a return bend and beingprovided with two arms, one of which extends alongthe expansion chamberand is provided with a warming burner for the expansion chamberreceivinggas from the mixing chamberand the other of which extendslaterally and is provided with jet openings communicating with thewarming burner of the first mentioned arm, and a burner connected withthe last' mentioned arm to be ignited by a flame from the warmingburnerof such arm.

7. The combination with a stove and two elongated expansion chambershorizontaliy sidebyside on the stove, one of said expansion chambersbeing -longer than the other, of two mixing chambers, one receiving gasfrom each expansion chamber, and .two burners each associated with: onemixingchamber, that burner connected with the mixing chamber associatedwith the longer expansion chamber lying onthe stove in rearof the otherburner, andthe forward burner lying between the two expansion chambers,each of said burners having jet openings from which flame playsupon theexpansion chamber from-which the burner receives its gas to warm saidexpansion chamber, and the burner connected with the shorter expansionchamber also having jet openingsfrom which a flame passes to warm thelonger expansion chamber, whereby the rear burner may be ignited withoutany initial warming of the expansion chamber by an igniting device;

8. The combination with a chamber to be heated, of two main burners, onearranged in said chamber and the other arranged without, the chamber,two air mixing chambers, both situated outside of the chamber to beheated, two gasconducting connections,

one leading from one air mixing chamber to the burner outside of thechamber to be heated and the other leading fromthe other air mixingchamber to the burner within the chamber to be heated, two expansionchamhere for deliveringfuel into the two air mixing chambers, bothsituated outside of the chamber to be heated, an auxiliary burnerarranged to warm her which feeds fuel. within the chamber to iliaryburner receiving its supply of fuel from the mixing chamber of said mainburner, the gas conducting connection between the main burner of. thechamber to be heated and the mixing chamber of said main burner beingprovided with a train of jet openings for conducting a flame from theauxiliary burner another auxiliary burner communicating with the mixingchamber of that main burner which is located outside of the chamber andarranged so that the flametherefrom may play on the expansion chamber ofthe main burner located within the chamber to be heated and also supplyaflame to the auxto the main burner be heated, said auxiliary burner ofthe main burner located within the chamber to be heated.

9. The combination with an expansion chamber, of a mixing chamberreceiving gas from the expansion chamber, two burners associated withsaid mixing chamber, one of said burners being situated at such adistance from the expansion chamber as not to materially affect thetemperature thereof, the other of said burners being arranged so as towarm said expansion chamber, means arranged that expansion chem;

to the main burner, and,

for connecting the first mentioned burner with the last mentioned burnerso that the ignition of the last mentioned burner efiects the ignitionof the distant burner, a second expansion chamber, a mixing chamberreceiving gas therefrom, and means connecting with said last mentionedmixing 0hi1111 her for warming the last mentioned expansion chamber andalso for warming the first mentioned expansion chamber and for ignitingthe warming burner of said first mentioned expansion chamber.

JOHN M. KELLEY.

